home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
TIME: Almanac 1995
/
TIME Almanac 1995.iso
/
time
/
election
/
40elect
/
40elect.014
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1993-04-15
|
4KB
|
91 lines
<text id=93HT0972>
<link 93HT0352>
<link 93HT0286>
<title>
40 Election: Races:Deep Trouble
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1940 Election
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
June 28, 1943
RACES
Deep Trouble
</hdr>
<body>
<p> On Detroit's lush, leafy Belle Isle, thousands of Negroes
and whites nervously held their Sunday picnics under the trees.
They had reason for nerves: rumors of race trouble poisoned the
June air, the same rumors that have stirred the city for months.
As the sweltering thousands jammed the bridge to the mainland on
the way home, they were ripe for explosion.
</p>
<p> A sudden fist fight touched it off, sent fighting, cursing
whites and Negroes battling across the bridge, spilling through
the city. Like wildfire, the rioting spread to "Paradise Valley,"
Detroit's downtown Negro section, washed over Woodward Avenue,
Detroit's main street. Gangs of whites and Negroes roved the
streets, smashing windows, tipping cars, looting stores, seizing
guns and ammunition in pawnshops. Courageously Negro leaders
toured the Valley in sound cars. But their pleas for peace were
drowned by jeers.
</p>
<p> With guns and tear gas, the vastly outnumbered police fought
the mobs, roped off streets around the Valley, trying to keep
Negroes in, whites out. But a few blocks from the city hall white
mobs ambushed Negroes driving from war plants, beat and stripped
them, tipped and burned their cars. Other mobs fired Negro homes.
Long lines of beaten, slashed, wounded Detroiters jammed
hospitals awaiting treatment. Thirteen elementary schools were
closed. Many a decent citizen stayed at home, afraid to go
outside.
</p>
<p> State of Emergency. Frantic pleas brought Governor Harry F.
Kelly flying home from the Governor's conference in Columbus,
Ohio. He called out 1,000 state troops, rushed in 500 state
police, asked Fort Custer for 1,000 military police, and decreed
a "state of emergency" for Wayne, Oakland and Macomb counties,
which include and surround Detroit. Under the decree, all bars
and restaurants were shut, a 10 p.m. curfew established. Still
the rioting continued. Finally, after a proclamation by Franklin
Roosevelt ordering the rioters to disperse, Federal troops
marched in, cleared the streets.
</p>
<p> After 24 nightmarish hours, Detroit was quieted down,
counted the toll of one of the worst riots in modern U.S.
history: at least 23 dead, over 700 injured, over 600 jailed. Of
the dead Negroes, police had shot at least eight.
</p>
<p> By next day the city was searching for the real roots of the
trouble. Detroit had been warned only two weeks ago by R.J.
Thomas, U.A.W.-C.I.O. president, that the Ku Klux Klan was
fomenting trouble. (Nearly a year ago LIFE had warned: "Detroit
is Dynamite.")
</p>
<p> In other parts of the nation, there was also deep trouble.
The zoot-suit war between the U.S. sailors and the Mexican
pachucos had apparently not been unique.
</p>
<p> In Beaumont, Tex., 3,000 workers in the Pennsylvania
Shipyard dropped their tools one night last week, marched on the
city jail, seeking a Negro reportedly held there on a white
woman's charge of rape. Finding the report false, the mob rioted
in Beaumont's two Negro districts, finally wound up before the
county courthouse.
</p>
<p> There they were met at the door by leathery, six-foot
Sheriff Bill Richardson, a holstered .45 gun on his hip, a tommy
gun cradled in his arm. To demands for "that nigger raper"
Sheriff Richardson replied: "I haven't any such man.... Now
get back to building ships where you ought to be." The crowd
drifted away. Beaumont counted the riot toll: 1 dead white man; 1
dead Negro, 50 treated for injuries, 100 arrested.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>